Hinzufügen von Datenbank-Initialisierungsskript und Migrationen

Dieses Commit fügt das 'initialize_myp_database.sh' Skript zur automatisierten Datenbank-Initialisierung hinzu sowie die notwendigen Migrations-Dateien für Flask-Migrate.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/initialize_myp_database.sh

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+#!/bin/bash
+
+# MYP Datenbank Initialisierungs-Skript
+# Dieses Skript erstellt die erforderlichen Datenbanktabellen für das MYP Backend
+
+echo "=== MYP Datenbank Initialisierung ==="
+echo ""
+
+# Aktiviere virtuelle Umgebung, falls vorhanden
+if [ -d "venv" ]; then
+    echo "Aktiviere virtuelle Python-Umgebung..."
+    source venv/bin/activate
+fi
+
+# Prüfe, ob Flask installiert ist
+if ! python -c "import flask" &> /dev/null; then
+    echo "FEHLER: Flask ist nicht installiert."
+    echo "Bitte führe zuerst 'pip install -r requirements.txt' aus."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Erstelle Instance-Ordner, falls nicht vorhanden
+echo "Erstelle instance-Ordner, falls nicht vorhanden..."
+mkdir -p instance/backups
+
+# Initialisiere die Datenbank
+echo ""
+echo "Initialisiere die Datenbank..."
+FLASK_APP=app.py flask db init
+FLASK_APP=app.py flask db migrate -m "Initiale Datenbank-Erstellung"
+FLASK_APP=app.py flask db upgrade
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== Datenbank-Initialisierung abgeschlossen ==="
+echo ""
+echo "Du kannst jetzt einen Admin-Benutzer über die Web-Oberfläche registrieren."
+echo "Der erste registrierte Benutzer wird automatisch zum Admin."
+echo ""
+echo "Starte den Server mit:"
+echo "python app.py"
+echo ""

backend/migrations/README

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+Single-database configuration for Flask.

backend/migrations/alembic.ini

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+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic,flask_migrate
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[logger_flask_migrate]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = flask_migrate
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S

backend/migrations/env.py

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+import logging
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from flask import current_app
+
+from alembic import context
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+logger = logging.getLogger('alembic.env')
+
+
+def get_engine():
+    try:
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy<3 and Alchemical
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.get_engine()
+    except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy>=3
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.engine
+
+
+def get_engine_url():
+    try:
+        return get_engine().url.render_as_string(hide_password=False).replace(
+            '%', '%%')
+    except AttributeError:
+        return str(get_engine().url).replace('%', '%%')
+
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+config.set_main_option('sqlalchemy.url', get_engine_url())
+target_db = current_app.extensions['migrate'].db
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def get_metadata():
+    if hasattr(target_db, 'metadatas'):
+        return target_db.metadatas[None]
+    return target_db.metadata
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline():
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url, target_metadata=get_metadata(), literal_binds=True
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online():
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+
+    # this callback is used to prevent an auto-migration from being generated
+    # when there are no changes to the schema
+    # reference: http://alembic.zzzcomputing.com/en/latest/cookbook.html
+    def process_revision_directives(context, revision, directives):
+        if getattr(config.cmd_opts, 'autogenerate', False):
+            script = directives[0]
+            if script.upgrade_ops.is_empty():
+                directives[:] = []
+                logger.info('No changes in schema detected.')
+
+    conf_args = current_app.extensions['migrate'].configure_args
+    if conf_args.get("process_revision_directives") is None:
+        conf_args["process_revision_directives"] = process_revision_directives
+
+    connectable = get_engine()
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=get_metadata(),
+            **conf_args
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()

backend/migrations/script.py.mako

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+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}

backend/migrations/versions/af3faaa3844c_.py

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+"""empty message
+
+Revision ID: af3faaa3844c
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2025-03-11 11:16:04.961964
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = 'af3faaa3844c'
+down_revision = None
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table('printer',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=64), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.Text(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('status', sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('ip_address', sa.String(length=15), nullable=True),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    with op.batch_alter_table('printer', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.create_index(batch_op.f('ix_printer_name'), ['name'], unique=False)
+
+    op.create_table('user',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('username', sa.String(length=64), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('password_hash', sa.String(length=128), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('display_name', sa.String(length=100), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('email', sa.String(length=120), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('role', sa.String(length=20), nullable=True),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    with op.batch_alter_table('user', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.create_index(batch_op.f('ix_user_email'), ['email'], unique=True)
+        batch_op.create_index(batch_op.f('ix_user_username'), ['username'], unique=True)
+
+    op.create_table('print_job',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('printer_id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('start_at', sa.DateTime(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('duration_in_minutes', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('comments', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('aborted', sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
+    sa.Column('abort_reason', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['printer_id'], ['printer.id'], ),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['user.id'], ),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_table('session',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(length=36), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('expires_at', sa.DateTime(), nullable=False),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['user.id'], ),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_table('session')
+    op.drop_table('print_job')
+    with op.batch_alter_table('user', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.drop_index(batch_op.f('ix_user_username'))
+        batch_op.drop_index(batch_op.f('ix_user_email'))
+
+    op.drop_table('user')
+    with op.batch_alter_table('printer', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.drop_index(batch_op.f('ix_printer_name'))
+
+    op.drop_table('printer')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###